Flying machine



r 7,, H. G. LINDQUIST mums mcnmm Filed July 13, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 11,512.173 H. G. LINDQUIST H. G. LINDQUIST FLYING MACHINE Get. 21 1924.1,512,773

Filed July 13 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4- jyzzz msz;

Fatented 0st. 21, 1924.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

FLYING MACHINE.

Application filed July 13, 1922. Serial No. 574,604.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that HAKoN G. LINDQUIST, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of-Minnesota, has invented new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines,of which the following is a specification.

The object of the invention is to provide a flying machine of theaeroplane type wherein the ascension and sustaining quality is due to amovement of the planes or blades serving as planes independently of thebody of the structure as distinguished from the forward movement of theplanes with the body as-in the present practice, to the end that asubstantially vertical ascension may be made and the hovering of themachine in a fixed position without air movement may be accomplished;and to this end the invention consists in a construction and combinationof parts of which a preferred embodiment is shown in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein Figure 1 is a plan view, and

Figure 2 is a front view of a flying machine constructed in accordancewith the invention.

Figures 3, 4 and 5 are side views of the same with the planes or bladesin progressively different positions with relation to the body.

Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view enlarged taken in the plane ofone of the blade carrying shafts.

Figures 7 8 and 9 are detailside views of one of the blade shaftcarriers and the related parts, the latter being shown in env gagementwith the reversing terminal of the guide rod.

Figures 10, 11 and 12 are views in differentpositions of the bladereversing means;

Figure 13 is a View of the means for adjusting the inclinations of theblades or planes.

Figure 14 is a view of the manually actuable controlling device wherebythe rock shaft of the blade deflecting means is adju's'ted.

A conventional type of body or fuselage 20 is illustrated in thedrawing, the same having conventional forms of rudder 2l'and elevator 22which .may be controlled and actuated by any suitable means forming nopart of the-present invention. 5

The planes, blades or wings 23 which obviously may be of any preferredextent or area adapted to the purpose in view and the load to be carriedare arranged in pairs iat opposite sides of the body or fuselage, theseveral pairs of which two are shown in the illustrated embodiment ofthe invention being arranged in diiferent horizontal planes for movementforwardly and rearwardly in paths disposed longitudinally of thestructure and respectively in diflt'erent horizontal planes with theblades orplanes of each pair carried by atransverse blade shaft 24mounted inbearings on travellers 25 which traverse the upper and lowerparallel guides 26.

In connection with each blade shaft there is employed a carrier 27having a rocker 28 which is fulcrumed concentric with the blade shaftand carries a plurality of alternately operable rack gears 29which arein mesh and which are adapted for alternate engagement with a rack 30which extends longitudinally of the car. One of the rack gears carries agear 31 in mesh'with which is a countergear 32 also mounted upon thecarrier in concentric relation with the blade shaft and provided with abevel gear face 33 meshing with a bevel gear face 34 on a drive gear 35which is axially disposed at right angles to the counter-gear and ismounted on the carrier with its teeth'in operative engagement with apinion shaft 36 extending longitudinally of the car and of a lengthcorresponding with the path of move ment of the carrier. This pinionshaft is motor-driven and serves to communicate rotary'motion to thedrive gear 35 which in turn communicates motion through the countergearto the rack gears of whichjone or the other may be brought into engagingrelation with the rack, andwhich being geared to rotate in oppositedirections "are adapted to propel the carrier in oppositedirections orrespectively toward opposite ends of the car. The rocker is providedwith a trolley arm 37 provided with a terminal trolley wheel 38 whichtraverses a guide rod 39 also extending parallel with the path ofmovement of the carrier and provided at opposite ends with stops consisting in the present construction of hooks 40 for engagement with thetrolley wheel at the ends of its movement in opposite directions, Withthe result that the rocker is there.

by reversed in position and the other rack gear is brought intooperative relation with the rack to reverse the direction of movement ofthe carrier and hence of the blade.

Connected with the blade shaft 24 at'any' convenient point is a meansfor turning the same to reverse the direction of inclination of theblades or wings and which in the construction illustrated consists of atoggle lever: having arms 43 and 44 respectively attached to thebladeshaft and a follower 45 mounted in a tubular guide 46 and exposed to thepressure ofa spring 47, said guide 46 being supported from av shaftsleeveor casing 48 which is extended transversely of the .carand. servesas'a housing .for.' the :blade shaft. The arms of the toggle lever arepivotally connected at .49 and carry buffers 50, preferably springcushioned as Sll0Wl'litt'51'2JlCl adaptedto come into contact:alternately with stops 52 located at the ends of the paths of movementof the blades to throw thelever from the position indicatedin Figure 11to the position indicated in Figure l2,the neutral orintermediate,position'of the toggle lever being indicated in Figure 10and the direction of movement being indicated in Figure 11.

In order'that the extent or angular degree of deflection of the blade.or wings may be controlled there is employed a limiting follower orpiston 53, also mounted in the guide,46 in the path of movement of thefollower 45 impelled by said spring47pso as to act as a stop to limitthe movement of the follower; and hence the'bowing of the toggle leverand consequently the angular adjustment of. the 7 blade carrying shaft.This limiting follower or piston is provided with an ear 54 upon Whichis mounted a pinion-.55. operating on a rack 56, and through the pinionextends an angular or as 1 illustrated three-webbed spindle 57 extendinglongitudinally of and throughout segment 60 and provided with asegmental rack 61 engaging a pinion 62 which is secured to the end ofthe spindle.

Thus, the deflection, angularly, of the planes or blades may be variedproportionately and simultaneously by a single operation of the handlever 58, to vary the positions of the stops which limit the reversinmovements of the blades, and the reversa of the latter at the ends ofthe path .of-movement results in a change in the direction ofinclination while maintaining a constant angular deflection from thepath. 7

The rotation of the drive shaft 36 being constant and in onedirection'the reversal in the direction of movement of'the blades is dueto-the opposite tilting of the-rocker plane of said whichoccurs at theends of the paths of.

tal to the movement of the carriers which aocompany the blades ispositive. and. has a constant relation to the path of movementregardless of the rate thereof.v

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new and useful isr 1. An air craft having pairs of laterally extended planes or bladesmounted for reciprocatory movement in parallel paths longitudinally ofthe line of flight, and in angularly inclined relation to their paths,of movement, means for moving the pairs of planes or bladessimultaneously in opmovement of the blades, and being incident positedirections between the limits of their paths of movement and means forreversing the direction of inclination of the planes or blades at theends of their paths of move ment in combination with means forsimultaneously adjusting the degree of inclination of the planes orblades. r

2. An air craft. having pairs of laterally extended planes or bladesmounted for re- 1 ciprocatory movement in parallel paths longitudinallyof the line of flight, and in angularly inclined relation to their pathsof movement, means for moving the pairs of planes or bladessimultaneously in op- 1 posite directions between the limits of theirpaths ofmovement and means for reversing the direction of inclination ofthe planes or blades at the ends of their paths of movement, the meansfor moving the, pairs of planes or blades including a rocker mounted inco-axial relation with the planes or blades and carrying oppositelyrotating rack gears, a rack arranged parallel with the path of movementof the planes or blades for alternate engagement by said gears, andmeans for communicating simultaneous rotary motion in opposite directionto said gears. I

3. An aircraft having pairs of laterally xtended planes or bladesmounted for reciprocatory movement in parallel paths longi' tudinally ofthe line of flight, and in angularly inclined relation to their paths ofmovement, means for moving the pairs of planes or blades simultaneouslyin opposite directions between the limits of their paths of movement andmeans for reversing the direction of inclination of the. planes orblades at. the ends of their paths of movement, the means for moving thepairs of planes or blades including a rocker mounted in co-axialrelation with the planes or blades and carrying oppositely rotating rackgears, a rack arranged parallel with the path of movement of the planesor blades for alternate engagement by said gears, and means forcommunicating simultaneous rotary motion in opposite direction to saidgears, and consisting of a motor driven pinion shaft extending parallelwith the path of the planes or blades, a drive gear mounted upon thecarrier and in peripheral mesh with the pinion shaft, and a countergearfor communicating motion from the drive gear to the rack gears.

4. An air craft having pairs of laterally extended planes or bladesmounted for reciprocatory movement in parallel paths longitudinally ofthe line of flight, and in angularly inclined relation to their paths ofmovement, means for moving the pairs of planes or blades simultaneouslyin opposite directions between the limits of their paths of movement andmeans'for reversing the direction of inclination of the planes or bladesat the ends of their paths of movement, each plane or blade having arocking shaft, a rocker mounted in co-axial relation with said shaft andhaving motor driven intermeshing rack gears for alternate engagementwith a rack, a trolley arm carried by the rocker, a trolley rodtraversed by a terminal roller of the trolley arm, and terminal stops onthe trolley rod for reversing the position of the rocker.

5. An aircraft having pairs of laterally extended planes or bladesmounted for reciprocatory movement in parallel paths longitu dinally ofthe line of flight, and in angularly inclined relation to their paths ofmovement, means for moving the pairs of planes or bladessii'nultaneously in opposite directions between the limits of theirpaths of movement and means for reversing the distop for limiting themovement of said follower, and stops arranged in the path of the toggleat the limits of the path of movement of the plane or blade forreversing the position of said toggle.

6. An aircraft having pairs of laterally extendedplanes or bladesmounted for reciprocatory movement in parallel paths longitudinally ofthe line of flight, and in angularly inclined relation to their paths ofmovement, means for moving the pairs of planes or blades simultaneouslyin opposite directions between the limits of their paths of movement andmeans for reversing the direction of inclination of the planes or bladesat the ends of their paths of movement, each plane or blade having arocking shaft, a toggle having connected arms of which one is carried bysaid shaft and the other is provided with ayieldingly actuated follower,a stop for limiting the movement of said follower, and stops arranged inthe path of the toggle at the limits of the path of movement of theplane or blade for reversing the position of said toggle, means beingprovided for adjusting the position of the first-named stop to determinethe angular deflection of the plane or blade.

7. An aircraft having pairs of laterally extended planes or bladesmounted for reciprocatory movement in parallel paths longitudinally ofthe line of flight, and in angularly inclined relation to their paths ofmovement, means for movingthe pairs of planes or blades in oppositedirections between the limits of their paths of movement, and means forreversing the direction of inclination of the planes or blades, eachplane or blade having a rocking shaft, a

rocker mounted in co-axial relation with said shaft and havingmotordriven rack gears for alternate engagement with a rack, a trolleyarm carried by the rocker, a trolley rod traversed by a terminal rollerof the trolley arm, and terminal stops on the trolley rod for reversingthe position of the rocker, said terminal stops being carried byyielding sections of the trolley rod to adapt them to yield as thetrolley arm swings from one position to the other in reversal of therocker.

8. An aircraft having pairs of laterally extended planes or bladesmounted for reciprocatory movement in parallel paths longitudinally ofthe line of flight and in angularly inclined relation to their paths ofmovement, means for moving the pairs of planes or blades in oppositedirections between the limits of their paths of movement, and means forreversing the direction of inclination of the planes or blades, eachplane or blade having arocking shaft, a toggle having connected arms ofWhich one is carried by said shaft and the other provided With a vyieldingly actuated follower, a stop for liinitlng the movementof saidfollower, a manually actuated remote control for adjusting HAKON G.LINDQUIST.

ture.

